System Overview

System Overview

Papillae’s architecture consists of five interconnected layers:

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                   User Interface Layer                   │
│          (Web App, Mobile, Browser Extension)            │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────┐
│                  Client Library Layer                    │
│   (Wallet Management, Proof Generation, Encryption)     │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────┐
│                 Smart Contract Layer                     │
│  (StealthPool, Verifier, AccountRegistry, Transfers)    │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────┐
│              Zero-Knowledge Circuit Layer                │
│        (Deposit Circuit, Transfer Circuit, etc.)         │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────┐
│                  BNB Chain Layer                         │
│         (Consensus, State, Transaction Execution)        │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Layer 1 - User Interface: End-user applications (web, mobile, desktop) that provide intuitive interfaces for wallet creation, deposits, transfers, and withdrawals.

Layer 2 - Client Library: Handles cryptographic operations client-side including key derivation, commitment generation, note encryption/decryption, and ZK proof generation.

Layer 3 - Smart Contracts: On-chain logic managing the privacy pool, validating proofs, tracking commitments/nullifiers, and handling token custody.

Layer 4 - ZK Circuits: Circuit definitions that specify what computations proofs must validate. Compiled into proving/verification keys.

Layer 5 - BNB Chain: Underlying blockchain providing consensus, state storage, and transaction execution.